Abstract: This article presents a multistrategy hybrid dung beetle algorithm (MHDBO) algorithm to tackle the complexities of Autonomous tractor path planning, a problem characterized by intricate ...

Abstract: In real life, there are many problems with conditional constraints, which can be regarded as constrained optimization problems. The difficulty in solving this type of problem lies in how to ...

1 China Railway 22nd Bureau Group Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, China 2 School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China Balancing the relationship ...