By operating in the gray zone, states preserve escalation optionality, avoid reputation-locking commitments, and retain the ability to shift posture without incurring sudden political or strategic ...

This important study reports three experiments examining how the subjective experience of task regularities influences perceptual decision-making. Although the evidence linking subjective ratings to ...

Discover how emotional biases impact stock market crash estimates. See why expert analysis suggests lower risk and learn how to refine your own forecasts.

When is it appropriate to completely reinvent the wheel? To an outsider, that seems to happen a lot in category theory, and probability theory isn’t spared from this treatment. We’ve had a useful ...

In a recent paper – Birth, Death, Coincidences and Occupancies: Solutions and Applications of Generalized Birthday and Occupancy Problems – Miami University professor of Electrical and Computer ...

Probability is the measure of the likelihood that an event will occur. In simple terms, it tells us how likely it is for a particular outcome to take place. When there are multiple events, calculating ...

A problem statement is a powerful tool that helps businesses ask the right questions. Used properly, it can lead to efficient solutions and make problem-solving feel like a breeze. Done poorly, it can ...