Abstract: In most production industries, counting and filling represent the final stage of the manufacturing process, and their accuracy plays a crucial role in ensuring product quality and ...

In the narrative of Industry 4.0, the cloud has long been the protagonist. It promised infinite storage, massive computing power, and the ability to aggregate d ...

Abstract: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) play an essential role in industrial automation by managing complex safety-critical processes. Ensuring the safety and correctness of PLC programs is ...