In the audio world, the debate over closed-loop versus open-loop architectures has raged on for many years. Depending on the end-application or customer preference, valid arguments for both ...

Bipolar stepper motors provide precise position control while operating in an open loop. Industrial automation applications—such as robots and processing and packaging machinery—and consumer ...

In 2012, Automation World published an article looking at the decision factors faced when choosing electric or pneumatic actuators. More than a decade later, manufacturing engineers and OEMs still ...