The purpose of the network layer is to help route messages between different local networks. Central to this layer is the concept of exclusive network addresses, where every terminal connected to the ...

Take advantage of TCP/IP options to optimize data transmission Your email has been sent By Alex Kuznetsov, Alex Plant, and Alexander Tormasov Last time, we explained how the TCP_CORK option can ...

Breaks down the five IP address classes in order to explain how they manipulate TCP/IP protocol functionality Before two or more computers can communicate with each other, a set of rules has to be in ...

TCP wrappers are intended to provide wrapper daemons that can be installed without any changes to existing software. Most TCP/IP applications depend on the client/server model — i.e., when a client ...

The data transfer in a TCP/IP network is usually block-based. From a programmer’s point of view, sending data means issuing a series of “send data block” requests. On a system level, sending an ...

Over the last several years, TCP/IP has gone from being the protocol that only geeks use, to a universal protocol that everyone uses, thanks to the widespread use of the Internet. TCP/IP has been ...

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Port Query (PortQry.exe) is a command-line utility in the Windows operating system that you can use to help troubleshoot TCP/IP connectivity issues. The tool reports the port status of TCP and UDP ...

Terms can sometimes play tricks on the mind. Take EtherNet/IP, for example. Many people will read “IP” as internet protocol and think that EtherNet/IP refers to plain old, standard industrial Ethernet ...

Embedded devices, especially those designed for industrial automation that have long shelf lives, are known to use a mixture of in-house and third-party code that was created at a time when software ...